Cardiovascular surgeons are the mentor of the most important organ – heart – tirelessly to beat it. For the latest installment of the Times conversation series, three prominent cardiac experts from Velcare Hospital, Kochi shared their insight and expertise in a panel discussion organized by the Times of India.The participating doctor Dr. Shiva’s Nair, senior advisor and head of cardiovascular and thoracic surgery; Dr. Riju Nair, Advisor to Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery; And Dr. Mary Smita, Senior Advisor and Head of Cardiac Anesthesiology. Together, he addressed myths, answered general questions, and offered sound therapy insight into cardiac surgery, heart health and lifestyle adjustments.Understanding cardiac surgery: Cardiac Surgery, Dr. Shiva explained, a versatile feature that can treat almost all forms of heart disease. To repair congenital heart defects and vascular disorders from bypass surgery and valve repair / replacement, he explained that the area covers a wide spectrum. He said that in today’s era, coronary artery disease – the main cause of heart attack – is usually treated through cardiac surgery, especially coronary artery bypass grafting or bypass surgery, as people say. Apart from bypass surgery, other conditions can also be treated with cardiac surgery. These include heart valves, congenital (from birth to) heart defects, and problems with aortic diseases. Some lung conditions and blood vessels obstruction, from the feet to the brain, can also be treated with surgery by cardiac surgeons. “Of these, aortic surgery is worth mentioning special mention. The conditions affecting the aorta – the main artery of the body – can be extremely serious, often act as a ‘tucking time bomb’ that can break without any warning. Timely diagnosis is prominent and expert surgical intervention is important, and in many cases, these processes can actually be a life-saving. Ultimately, it is a combination of therapy and surgical approaches that ensure the best results for patients, ”said Dr. Shiva.Recognizing heart attack: Heart attack, or myocardial infarction, as we call it, is the result of coronary artery disease. Dr. Shiva said that the heart attack occurs when there is a mismatched between the need of the heart muscle for oxygen and what the arteries can be supplied due to blockage, saying that this condition was especially common in diabetes patients and is one of the emergency conditions of the leading heart. He laid special emphasis, saying, “The most common heart attack is the state of the heart that we cope with, especially in the population of Kerala. Lifestyle changes, diabetes and tobacco dependence are mainly the cause of this increase. Role of anesthesia: Addressing a constant concern, Dr. Mary Smita assured that patients undergoing cardiac surgery are given general anesthesia, due to which they will be completely unknown and painful during the process. “Before surgery, we explain what to expand to patients in detail to reduce their concerns. Most cardiac surgery is performed under general anesthesia, so the patient is completely painful and does not wake up during the procedure. With modern monitoring technology, we can track the depth of anesthesia to ensure that the patients remain completely unconscious. ,For the period, the average cardiac surgery lasts for about 3-4 hours, said, but it may vary depending on the specific procedure and the patient’s condition. This process includes several stages, such as induction of anesthesia and installing monitors, which also takes some time. He claimed that despite the complications involved, the overall experience of going through anesthesia has now become more secure and comfortable due to technological progress.Risk factor for women: Doctors agreed that women are protected from heart disease until menopause due to hormonal factors. “After that, their risk levels become similar to men,” Dr. Shiva said, who clarified that less women undergo surgery, possibly due to social factors, not medical people. As long as there is no strong family history, women are preserved in the early years, but after menopause, the occurrence of coronary heart disease in women becomes the same in men. Overall, the effect of heart disease on women and men is the same, although the beginning age may vary slightly, ”he said. Identification of symptoms: Dr. Riju Nair insisted that the symptoms of a heart attack can vary from person to another. While chest pain and shortness of breath are common, some people may also experience pain in jaw, weapons, especially left hand, throat or back. While chest pain is most commonly encountered, not all chest pain is heart attack. While there is not a strict rule, chest-related chest pain is often described in the chest with a feeling of anxiety or sudden, intense pain in the chest that something severe is severely incorrect- a adjacent meaning of doom.People with risk factors – such as smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, or family history of heart disease – should never be ignored. “Even light symptoms can be a warning signal,” Dr. Riju said. “It is always better to be safe and check.”Doctors also warned against waiting for “right time” to seek help. Heart attack often occurs during the morning hours. What can look like gas or indigestion can actually be a sign of heart attack.Doctors warned against waiting for ‘right time’ to seek help. He shared that many heart attacks take place in the morning, especially around 4 pm. Even wrong sensations for gas or indigestion can be a sign of cardiovascular crisis. “Timely medical intervention greatly improves results,” he said. On the question of monthly check-up, Dr. Riju said, “Monthly check-up may not be necessary for everyone. After cardiac surgery, people soon return to their regular personal and professional life. However, the recommendation is that basic blood function should be done at least once a year. If you belong to the “high risk” group, it is appropriate to do so every six months. Lifestyle diseases such as diabetes may require more frequent check-ups but otherwise.,Obesity contradiction: While obesity contributes to diabetes and high blood pressure, Dr. Shiva said that not all fat people would develop heart disease, instead claiming that its role was indirect. However, he emphasized that it was necessary to fit and maintain a healthy weight, especially when the aging process begins to affect the arteries from the age of 20. He portrayed, saying, “In my experience of more than 15,000 cases, I have seen only 150 patients weighing more than 100 kg.” This suggests that heart disease does not affect especially fat people. He said, you should not suffer from obesity. If you are obese, it is important to keep yourself fit and try to lose weight, as obesity contributes to other major conditions, which in turn increases the risk of interruptions. ,Recovery and follow up: Dr. Riju underlined that recovery today is much faster than the myth of a period of three months rest. He said, “The patients get out of bed within a day, walk on the day three, and climb the stairs to the day. Within weeks, most can resume 80 percent of their normal activities,” he said. The first follow -up after surgery is after a month. Essential medicines are customized. After heart surgery, it is completely common to continue some drugs as part of your recovery. These may include cholesterol, blood pressure pills and medicines for thinning of blood to prevent blood clots. Taking them as determined helps to keep your heart healthy and reduces the risk of future problems. “Diabetic patients should maintain tight sugar control. Lifestyle lifestyle modification in this regard is important,” they shared.After surgery, it was common for patients to return to normal life soon, even Dr. To pilgrimage as Shiva too. He said, “So many patients go to pilgrimage. In fact, I have many patients who call me from these places, which they have to share their happiness to be able to work for a long time. Often, they have spent five to six years before their surgery to do this journey, but unable to do this to do this. I tell them that, looking at their age, they can resume all aged activities. I remind them that if they are 70 years old, the bypass surgery was done, they do not make them 40 again. It is important to respect the boundaries of your body by enjoying life completely. ,Surgery was discouraged by loud gym routine doctors. Instead, it was recommended to walk. According to doctors, a morning walk of at least 2 km was seen as not only safe but beneficial for metabolic activity.Stent, bypass and minimum invasive surgery: Dr. Rizu explained the stenting process, separating the process from bypass surgery, stating that stenting includes placing a spring-lacquet device to keep the arteries open. On the other hand, bypass surgery creates a new passage for blood flow. He said that the two are the severity of the obstacles and their use based on the location. “It is referred to as minimal invasive surgery or hole surgery, the art of doing cardiac surgery through a small incision. Advanced instrumentation has enabled us to do this art easily, but however, the patient always takes priority, ”said Dr. Riju.Appealing cosmeually, Dr. Shiva replied that minimum invasive surgery was suitable only in select cases. Safety and long -term effectiveness would always take precedent, their opinion.Diet and Lifestyle: Kerala diet can be quite healthy, Dr. Shiva said, if a little revised. Those who wanted to take charge of their health were advised to avoid deeply fried snacks, excessive sugar and bakery items. They were recommended to replace vegetables, pulses and rice or wheat with medium parts. Dr. Mary said that eating salad before meals can reduce sugar absorption. In his recommendations it was that raw fruits and vegetables are preferred over the juice, local ingredients are used and extreme diet shifts (such as switching to completely Quinoa) were unnecessary.Dr. Shiva said that smoking alone greatly increased the possibility of developing heart problems, and if it was combined with diabetes or hereditary risk, it became even more dangerous. He said, “I do not understand why it has not been banned lump sum because in my view, this is the worst thing that anyone can do,” he said.When it comes to cardiac emergency conditions, location, technology and expertise can make all differences. A centrally located hospital with advanced equipment is being treated and a skilled team greatly improves the possibility of survival – even in the most important situations.In addition, ECMO (Extracorporial membrane oxygenation) and E-CPR (ECMO Assisted CPR) can provide significant support to life-safety technologies such as the heart and lungs are under excessive stress, giving patients the best chance of recovery.The message of panel discussion was simple yet: Take the symptoms seriously. Do not wait A timely response and ongoing care can help patients not only survive, but can help grow. – [email protected]Disclaimer: Thoughts expressed in the story and opinion are independent professional decisions of experts and we do not take any responsibility for the accuracy of their ideas. It should not be considered as an alternative to medical advice. Please consult your treatment doctor for more information. 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